(Fox News) Legal experts interviewed by Fox News Digital are expressing concern that President Joe Biden’s ongoing efforts to cancel student loans may be pushing the limits of his executive authority.
The experts said the Biden administration’s pursuit of mass student debt forgiveness may be more politically motivated than legally justified, warning that additional legal challenges may arise as a result. Biden’s first attempt to cancel student debt — which would have canceled roughly $430 billion in federal student loan balances and erased the debts of 20 million borrowers — was struck down last year by the Supreme Court.
“At a fundamental level, Congress is the one who should be making these decisions,” Anastasia Boden, the director of the Cato Institute’s Robert A. Levy Center for Constitutional Studies, told Fox News Digital in an interview. “These are decisions that entail billions of dollars in forgiveness and really threaten the viability of the entire student loan program because we know that forgiveness programs like this just tend to drive up the prices of education.”

President Joe Biden with Education Secretary Miguel Cardona on Aug. 24, 2022. (OLIVIER DOULIERY/AFP via Getty Images)
Shortly after Biden’s original student debt forgiveness program was overturned by the Supreme Court in a 6-3 decision in June 2023, the president blasted the high court and accused it of misinterpreting the Constitution. The ruling, the president remarked, is “snatching from the hands of millions of Americans thousands of dollars in debt relief that was about to change their lives.”
However, the president has pursued a plan B strategy since the decision: a piecemeal approach, leveraging and expanding various existing Department of Education loan programs. Last week, Biden committed to “continuing to pursue an alternative path to deliver student debt relief to as many borrowers as possible as quickly as possible.”
“They’ve become more careful,” said Michael Poon, an attorney at the public interest law firm Pacific Legal Foundation. “Now, they’re doing things through a normal administrative process, a normal rulemaking process. But many parts of their student loan cancelation efforts are still unlawful in the same way. They still are not authorized by statutes that Congress has passed.”
“It’s really just loan cancelation by another name,” Poon continued. “So, they’re expanding exemptions, they’re saying that certain parts of loans will just be forgiven outright. A lot of those parts of the program are still not authorized by statute. They’re just being a little more subtle about it and trying to keep it out of the court.”

President Biden’s administration has awarded $143.6 billion in student loan forgiveness to nearly four million Americans in a piecemeal approach to loan cancelation. (Fox News)
He noted that the Supreme Court’s ruling last year emphasized that Congress “has to speak really clearly” authorizing a federal program that is at the scale of Biden’s original student debt plan. Highly political programs, according to Poon, should be decided by the most responsive and most democratic branch of government: Congress.
“I think we should all be concerned any time a president acts beyond the authority that’s granted to him by law, because the rule of law is what protects liberty and stops the country from becoming a dictatorship or a tyranny,” Poon continued. “I think that the Biden administration’s loan cancelation efforts are an example of what happens when a president tries to stretch his legal authority to accomplish aims that are not authorized by law.”
Overall, using a wide range of Department of Education programs, the Biden administration has awarded $143.6 billion in student loan forgiveness to nearly four million Americans, a large slice of the $1.7 trillion in total student loan debt owed by Americans. The latest cancelation came last week when Education Secretary Miguel Cardona announced an additional $5.8 billion in student loan debt relief for 77,700 borrowers.
The largest share of the overall total, roughly $62.5 billion, has been delivered by the Department of Education’s so-called Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) program. Under the president’s direction, the department recently “fixed” the PSLF, vastly expanding its scope and borrowers’ eligibility. Prior to those changes, just 7,000 borrowers had benefited from the PSLF.
